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  • 1. Arnaldi di Balme, Luigi
    et al.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    Gouverner l'éphémère: Etude sur l’organisation technique et politique de deux sites d’orpaillage (Bantara et Gombélèdougou, Burkina Faso)2014Report (Other academic)
  • 2.
    Bjarnesen, Jesper
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Conflict, Displacement and Transformation.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Agrarian Change, Property and Resources.
    Burkina Faso's one-week coup and its implications for free and fair elections2015Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In the upcoming elections in Burkina Faso, there’s a need for a clear democratic break with the three decades of de facto one-party rule. At the same time, a moderate approach is needed in dealing with the controversial legacy of the former regime, to avoid further polarisation in an already fraught political situation. These are the recommendations of Jesper Bjarnesen and Cristiano Lanzano, senior researchers at the Nordic Africa Institute, in a policy note on Burkina Faso’s one-week coup and its implications for free and fair elections.

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  • 3.
    Fisher, Eleanor
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    de Theije, Marjo
    Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Araujo, Carlos H. X.
    NAP Mineração, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
    Calvimontes, Jorge
    NEPAM, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
    van de Camp, Esther
    Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
    D'Angelo, Lorenzo
    Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Luning, Sabine
    Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
    Massaro, Luciana
    Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Mello, Januária
    NEPAM, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
    Ouédraogo, Alizèta
    Institute for Social Research in Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Robert J., Pijpers
    University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
    de Moraes, Raíssa Resende
    Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; NEPAM, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
    Sawadogo, Christophe
    Atelier Maan Neere, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Tuhumwire, Margaret
    Environmental Women in Action for Development, Entebbe, Uganda.
    Twongyirwe, Ronald
    Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
    The lifeways of small-scale gold miners: Addressing sustainability transformations2023In: Global Environmental Change, ISSN 0959-3780, E-ISSN 1872-9495, Vol. 82, article id 102724Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Small-scale gold mining sustains millions of people’s lives and yet it stimulates environmental harms and social conflicts. Global environmental crises drive calls for fundamental change to how people live on the planet. For small-scale gold mining, this raises questions about whether current dynamics can provide a basis for sustainability transformations. Proposing the notion of gold lifeways to focus on the lived experience of mining and gold resources as relational phenomena, we ask what sustainability looks like from different miners’ perspectives and probe the practice dynamics of current transformation. Our methodology is social science-led and transdisciplinary. From multi-sited and trans-regional research between South America and Africa, we draw cases from Suriname, Guinea Conakry, and Uganda. Our study finds that gold lifeways give expression to different strands of sustainability: sustaining everyday life in mining; discourses framing mining practices; and government repression of mining. Hence, as our empirical data demonstrates, miner perspectives on sustainability gain content not in isolation, but as part of gold lifeways embedded within different contexts and shaped by societal dynamics. Ultimately, the transformative potency of small-scale gold mining is located in personal lives and precarious dynamics rather than glittering promises of a sustainable future.

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  • 4.
    Fisher, Eleanor
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit. University of Reading, United Kingdom.
    Luning, Sabine
    Leiden University, The Netherlands.
    D'Angelo, Lorenzo
    University of Reading, United Kingdom.
    Araujo, Carlos HX
    NAP Mineração, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
    Arnaldi di Balme, Luigi
    Institute for Social Research in Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Calvimontes, Jorge
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    van de Camp, Esther
    Leiden University, The Netherlands.
    da Costa Ferreira, Lúcia
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Massaro, Luciana
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Ouédraogo, Alizèta
    Institute for Social Research in Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Mello, Januária Pereira
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Pijpers, Robert J.
    University of Hamburg, Germany.
    Obodai Provencal, Nii
    Nuku Studios, Accra, Ghana.
    Resende de Moraes, Raíssa
    NAP Mineração, University of São Paulo, Brazil; Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Sawadogo, Christophe
    Institute for Social Research in Africa, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    de Theije, Marjo
    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    de Tomi, Giorgio
    NAP Mineração, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
    Tuhumwire, Margaret
    Environmental Women in Action for Development, Entebbe, Uganda.
    Twongyirwe, Ronald
    Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.
    Transforming matters: sustaining gold lifeways in artisanal and small-scale gold mining2021In: Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, ISSN 1877-3435, E-ISSN 1877-3443, Vol. 49, p. 190-200Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Growth strategies in mining regions promote gold extraction based on industrial mining, associating Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM) with persistent informality. Against this background, we consider how to approach transformations to sustainability in ASGM. Acknowledging how problematic this topic is for sustainability debates, given how ASGM is associated with a host of environmental and social problems, we argue that a justice lens demands we confront such challenges within the global politics of sustainability. This leads us to review advances in the study of ASGM, linked to debates on extractivism, resource materialities, and informality. We use the notion of gold lifeways to capture how the matter of mining shapes different worlds of extraction. We argue that consideration of the potential for transformations to sustainability needs to be grounded within the realities of ASGM. This necessitates giving value to miners’ knowledge(s), perspectives and interests, while recognising the plurality of mining futures. Nevertheless, we conclude that between the immediacy of precarious work and the structural barriers to change in ASGM, the challenges for transformation cannot be underestimated.

  • 5.
    Fisher, Eleanor
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Luning, Sabine
    University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
    Obodai, Nii
    Nuku Studios, Ghana.
    Araujo, Carlos H. X.
    Universidade de Sao Paulo, Centre for Responsible Mining, Brazil.
    Calvimontes, Jorge
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Camp, Ester van de
    University of Leiden, The Netherlands.
    D'Angelo, Lorenzo
    La Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Massaro, Luciana
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Mello, Januaria P.
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Resende de Moraes, Raissa
    NEPAM, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil.
    Ouedraogo, Alizeta
    Institute for Social Research in Africa, Burkina Faso.
    Pijpers, Robert J.
    University of Hamburg, Germany.
    Sawadogo, Christophe
    Burkina Faso.
    Theije, Marjo de
    Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    Tuhumwire, Margaret
    Environmental Women in Action for Development, Uganda.
    Twongyirwe, Ronald
    Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Uganda.
    Gold Matters: Visualizing Mining Worlds2023Book (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    A book of photographs that centre on visualizing mining worlds, notably the worlds of artisanal and small-scale gold miners working in the Brazilian and Surinamese Amazon, and in parts of West and East Africa. Often this gold mining is portrayed in negative, stereotyped, and homogenizing ways. Since miners typically operate in the shadows of the law, their lifeways are remote from the public eye. Visualization by means of photgraphy helps bring to light the diversity of mining terrains and the close connections between miners and these terrains. Images presented in the book are the result of collaboration with gold miners for a project "Sustainability Transformations in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining: Trans-Regional and Multi-Actor Perspectives" (2018-2022).

  • 6.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Agrarian Change, Property and Resources.
    Bois sacrés ou aires protégées?: Sacralisation des espaces forestiers et savoirs locaux dans un village komono (Burkina Faso)2015In: Savoirs et reconnaissance dans les sociétés africaines / [ed] Pascale Moity-Maïzi, Paris: Karthala, 2015, p. 181-206Chapter in book (Other academic)
  • 7.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Book Review: D'Angelo, Lorenzo. 2019. Diamanti. Pratiche e stereotipi dell'estrazione mineraria in Sierra Leone [Diamonds. Mineral Practices and Stereotypes in Sierra Leone]. Milan: Meltemi. 180 pp. Pb: €16.00. ISBN: 9788883539732.2022In: Social Anthropology, ISSN 0964-0282, E-ISSN 1469-8676, Vol. 30, no 4, p. 152-154Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 8.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute.
    Coyle Rosen Lauren. — Fires of Gold. Law, Spirit, and Sacrificial Labor in Ghana2022In: Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, ISSN 0008-0055, E-ISSN 1777-5353, no 245-246, p. 390-394Article, book review (Other academic)
  • 9.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Agrarian Change, Property and Resources.
    Crisi e transizione in Burkina Faso2014In: Afriche e Orienti, ISSN 1592-6753, Vol. XVI, no 3, p. 133-139Article in journal (Other academic)
  • 10.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Gold digging and the politics of time: changing timescapes of artisanal mining in West Africa2018In: The Extractive Industries and Society, ISSN 2214-790X, E-ISSN 2214-7918, Vol. 5, no 2, p. 253-259Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 11.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Guinea Conakry and Burkina Faso: Innovations at the Periphery2020In: Global Gold Production Touching Ground: Expansion, Informalization, and Technological Innovation / [ed] Boris Verbrugge and Sara Geenen, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2020, p. 245-262Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 12.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Hybrid Governance in an Impermanent Mining Settlement in Burkina Faso2022In: Power and Informality in Urban Africa: Ethnographic Perspectives / [ed] Laura Stark and Annika Björnsdotter Teppo, London: Zed Books, 2022, p. 23-54Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 13.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Sustainability2022In: The Anthropology of Resource Extraction / [ed] Lorenzo D'Angelo & Robert Jan Pijpers, London: Routledge, 2022, p. 149-166Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 14.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Arnaldi di Balme, Luigi
    Institute for Social Research in Africa (IFSRA), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Des "puits burkinabè" en Haute Guinée: processus et enjeux de la circulation de savoirs techniques dans le secteur minier artisanal2017In: Autrepart, ISSN 1278-3986, E-ISSN 2109-9561, Vol. 82, no 2, p. 87-108Article in journal (Refereed)
  • 15.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Arnaldi di Balme, Luigi
    IFSRA, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
    Who owns the mud?: Valuable leftovers, sociotechnical innovation and changing relations of production in artisanal gold mining (Burkina Faso)2021In: Journal of Agrarian Change, ISSN 1471-0358, E-ISSN 1471-0366, Vol. 21, no 3, p. 433-458Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The expansion of artisanal gold mining has contributed to agrarian change in most of the global South—including West Africa: the sector offers interesting examples of technological and socio‐economic change, reflecting broader dynamics in the political economy of mining. In this article, we rely on our multisited ethnography to show how innovations in gold processing—particularly, the shift from mercury‐based to cyanide‐based techniques—reconfigured power relations and organizational patterns in the artisanal mining sector in Burkina Faso. We show that, in the context of structural transformations and pressure from powerful actors, the mechanisms of value creation, the definition of property rights and the relations of production remained open for negotiation and redefinition. Bringing attention to new scenarios opened by the shift to cyanide for processing gold—a transformative factor in many gold mining areas across the world—our analysis contributes to a broader reflection on the nexus between the trajectories of sociotechnical innovation and the ongoing power struggles in the informal economies of resource extraction.

  • 16.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Levin, Jörgen
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Mususa, Patience
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Yesterday mineral supplier, tomorrow battery producer: how green industrialisation can push Africa's economies up the global value chains2024Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    The current global green mineral boom is driving increased mining exploration in Africa. The African Union has outlined shared visions to leverage the continent’s mineral reserves and youth boom in pursuit of sustainable development and socio-economic transformation. Achieving these goals requires mineral-rich African economies to transition from commodity export to manufacture of higher value-added products. To do so, they need to invest in their youthful population, and in research and innovation.

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  • 17.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Luning, Sabine
    Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
    Ouédraogo, Alizèta
    Artisanal Gold Council (AGC), Burkina Faso.
    Insecurity in Burkina Faso – beyond conflict minerals: the complex links between artisanal gold mining and violence2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    As artisanal gold mining in Burkina Faso has increased in recent years, so have violent attacks by non-state armed groups. The assumption that there is a natural causal link between the two is, however, too simplistic. The escalating violence should rather be seen as a result of long-term trends, such as state disengagement, a growing dependence on gold and the gradual privatisation of security. To curb the violence, we recommend that policy makers avoid a repressive approach to artisanal mining and rethink the governance of the sector, in consultation with miners and rural communities.

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  • 18.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Luning, Sabine
    Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands.
    Ouédraogo, Alizèta
    Artisanal Gold Council (AGC), Burkina Faso.
    Insécurité au Burkina Faso – au-delà des minerais de conflit: les liens complexes entre l’exploitation aurifere artisanale et la violence2021Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [fr]

    L’exploitation aurifère artisanale au Burkina Faso a augmenté ces dernières années, de même que les attaques violentes de groupes armés non étatiques. Il est cependant trop simpliste de supposer qu’il existe un lien de causalité naturel entre les deux. L’escalade de la violence doit plutôt être considérée comme le résultat de tendances de longue date, telles que le désengagement de l’État, la dépendance croissante à l’or et la privatisation progressive de la sécurité. Pour freiner la violence, nous recommandons aux décideurs politiques d’éviter d’adopter une approche répressive à l’égard de l’extraction minière artisanale et de repenser la gouvernance du secteur en concertation avec les mineurs et les communautés rurales.

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  • 19.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    University of Turin, Italy.
    Migliardi, Agnese
    University of Padova, Italy.
    Navarra, Cecilia
    CRED, Université de Namur, Belgique.
    International aid and gendered roles in agricultural value chains: some reflections from a rural development program in Northern Senegal2014In: Journal of Universities and international development Cooperation, ISSN 2531-8772, Vol. 1, p. 671-679Article in journal (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    Overcoming the gender gap in agriculture is nowadays one of the focal points of major international institutions, governments and development agencies. In this paper, we discuss some effects of international aid in rural contexts on gender dynamics and women’s empowerment. Through the analysis of some small-scale projects in Northern Senegal – implemented within a wide rural development aid program in West Africa - we develop some reflections on the observed women-oriented projects: we stress the risk that women end up being “locked” into pre-defined roles, namely in small-scale food processing activities, by a standardized logic of aid projects. We develop an analysis of the practices that may lead to this outcome and of the characteristics of such “women roles” in value chains. We discuss this observation in the light of the gendered division of tasks in primary products value chains and of the literature on the integration of “gender” in development thinking. By means of this analysis, we draw some reflections on the discrepancy between explicit empowerment goals and unintended outcomes of aid.

  • 20.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Navarra, Cecilia
    Vallino, Elena
    Interdisciplinarity and the future of development studies after the 2019 Nobel Prize in economics2021In: Anthropologie et développement, ISSN 2553-1719, Vol. Hors-série, p. 315-329Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    The 2019 Nobel prize for Economics consecrated A. Banerjee, E. Duflo and M. Kremer’s hegemony on development economics. The emphasis they put on field experiments and randomized control trials (RCTs) matched the emphasis on evidence-based policies and on evaluation that dominated the development sector in the same years. Here, we take inspiration from the debates generated by the 2019 Nobel prize to reflect on the future of development studies. While the empirical stance of these economists could have encouraged interdisciplinary collaboration, their experimental approach has tended to marginalize competing approaches and methods – namely, those who characterize anthropology and other qualitative social sciences. This has reinforced “imperialistic” tendencies in the discipline of economics, which can only be compensated through a renewed commitment to pluralism across the field of development studies.

  • 21.
    Melber, Henning
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Bjarnesen, Jesper
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Hallberg Adu, Kajsa
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Mususa, Patience
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    The politics of citizenship: social contract and inclusivity in Africa2020Report (Other academic)
    Abstract [en]

    In many African countries, citizenship offers civil rights to those who are included. At the same time, many – especially youth, migrants and other marginalised groups – often do not receive equal recognition in the social contract between state and citizen. They do not have the same access to justice, social protection and welfare services. This policy note addresses the challenges facing inclusive citizenship.

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  • 22.
    Melber, Henning
    et al.
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Bjarnesen, Jesper
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Mususa, Patience
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit. The Nordic Africa Institute, Uppsala, Sweden.
    Citizenship Matters: Explorations into the Citizen-State Relationship in Africa2023In: Forum for Development Studies, ISSN 0803-9410, E-ISSN 1891-1765, Vol. 50, no 1, p. 35-58Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Citizenship is a universal legal concept and norm. But its meaning and impact differ. Its codification and implementation are shaped by historical trajectories, political systems and state/government relations with members of society. State policy affects perceptions of citizenship and civic behaviour by those governed. This paper engages with current challenges relating to citizenship in Africa South of the Sahara. It centres on academic and policy discussions on citizenship but also draws on media reports and secondary literature to explore whether promoting and embracing a positive notion of citizenship can be an opportunity for states and governments as well as citizens. Could civic education be considered a worthwhile investment in social stability and a shared identification with the common good? We conclude by making a case for a social contract, which reconciles particularistic identities (such as ethnicity) with citizenship and governance under the rule of law as an investment into enhanced trust in a citizen-state relationship.

  • 23.
    Pijpers, Robert
    et al.
    University of Hamburg, Germany.
    Calvimontes, Jorge
    University of Campinas, Brazil.
    Camp, Esther van de
    Leiden University, The Netherlands.
    D'Angelo, Lorenzo
    University of Hamburg, Germany.
    Fisher, Eleanor
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit. University of Reading.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Massaro, Luciana
    University of Campinas, Brazil.
    Mining ‘Waste’: Repurposing Residues in Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining2021In: Etnofoor, ISSN 0921-5158, Vol. 33, no 2, p. 13-39Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Gold mining, like all other forms of mining, is strongly associated with the production of a wide range of residues, whether this concerns (toxic) waste materials or the environments transformed in pursuit of gold. Frequently, these residual products, such as soil, mud, rocks, and water, as well as the environments from which they are extracted or where they are deposited, appear as waste, cast aside or abandoned, rendered as useless by-products or destroyed lands. In this photographic essay, we build on recent insight regarding the fluid character of waste by extending analysis into both the domains of materials and of space because not only can specific materials be repurposed as resources, but also specific spaces can be transformed from sites of abandonment to sites of production (or vice versa), whether for mining or other activities. These photographic series show how different actors repurpose material and spatial residues. By centralising images of processes of repurposing, this essay nuances and offers a counterweight to dominant visual narratives. These typically focus on environmental and social damage, and often take a perspective ‘from above’ as they largely draw on aerial images. In doing so, these narratives tend to flatten or even erase local complexity and heterogeneity, and risk reproducing received negative stereotypes about artisanal and small-scale mining and miners. Importantly, as will transpire throughout the essay, the phenomena and processes depicted in our images shape and are shaped by different social, political, economic, technological, environmental, and historical relations and dynamics. These include, for example, former mining trajectories, gendered production relations, miners’ socio-economic positions, the involvement of external actors, and the introduction of new capital, knowledge and technologies. Ultimately, this illuminates the necessity of approaching ‘waste’ in fluid, relational, and transformative terms as material and spatial endings are turned into new beginnings.

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  • 24.
    Vallino, Elena
    et al.
    Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
    Navarra, Cecilia
    European Parliamentary Research Service, Brussels, Belgium.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    From informal to formal and back: Theoretical reflections on the formal-informal divide in the Base of the Pyramid markets2020In: Base of the Pyramid Markets in Africa: Innovation and Challenges to Sustainability / [ed] Judy N. Muthuri, Marlen Gabriele Arnold, Stefan Gold, and Ximena Rueda, New York: Routledge, 2020, p. 228-252Chapter in book (Refereed)
  • 25.
    Verbrugge, Boris
    et al.
    HIVA-KU Leuven, Belgium.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute.
    Libassi, Matthew
    Department of Environmental Science, Policy, & Management, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, United States.
    The cyanide revolution: Efficiency gains and exclusion in artisanal- and small-scale gold mining2021In: Geoforum, ISSN 0016-7185, E-ISSN 1872-9398, Vol. 126, p. 267-276Article in journal (Refereed)
    Abstract [en]

    Since its advent at the end of the nineteenth century, cyanide processing facilitated the intensification and global expansion of industrial gold mining. Today, there are important indications that artisanal and small-scale gold mining (ASGM) is on the verge of a similar cyanide revolution: while ASGM is typically associated with mercury-based processing, mercury amalgamation is increasingly replaced with, or complemented by, cyanidation. Relying on evidence from the Philippines, Indonesia, and Burkina Faso, we demonstrate how this transition is having a deeply transformative impact on ASGM communities. On the one hand, cyanidation produces clear efficiency gains. Together with rising gold prices, it is fueling a dramatic expansion of ASGM by enabling the profitable extraction of lower-grade gold deposits. On the other hand, it contributes to the emergence of new and often highly unequal labor and revenue-sharing arrangements. More broadly, these findings demonstrate the highly uneven impact of socio-technical transformations. Consequently, the growing number of efforts to intervene in the technological make-up of ASGM, usually in the name of efficiency and sustainability, should be wary of having unintended consequences.

  • 26. Luning, Sabine (Curator)
    van Zijl, Rose (Designer)
    Hofsteenge, Niels
    Fisher, Eleanor (Project director)
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Lanzano, Cristiano
    The Nordic Africa Institute, Research Unit.
    Exhibition Gold Matters2021Other (Other (popular science, discussion, etc.))
    Abstract [en]

    ‘Exploring Transformations to Sustainability in Artisanal and Small-scale Gold Mining (ASGM)’ is a 4-year transdisciplinary research project (2018-2022) that examines whether and how societal transformations towards sustainable mining futures are possible in ASGM. It brings together a multi-national team conducting empirical research in Brazil, Suriname, French Guiana, Ghana, Burkina Faso, Guinea Conakry, and Uganda. The core team includes researchers from different disciplines, artists, and a community development practitioner. Closely linked are miners and community members who work with the Team.

    Project activities include research with miners to understand how they see the future and sustainability in gold mining. This has involved photography, painting and sculpture to find ways to express people’s lives and futures in mining. 

    The Exhibition takes the audience down on a journey moving from ‘Exhibition of the Exhibition in Kejetia’ to visual results from all the three regions organized around the themes: Co-labouring, ARTistic and ARTisanal, In-depth terrains, Gold Lifeways and Moving Matters.

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